Fig. 5. Cardiac cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). mRNA expression, protein abundance, and enzyme activity after renal I/R. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. The number of experiments using different preparations is indicated within each bar. Mice from Sham and I/R groups were treated with or without atenolol, as indicated on the abscissae. (A) PKA mRNA. (B) PKA catalytic a-subunit abundance. Upper panel: Representative immunodetection for PKA and b-actin as control for protein abundance. ATE: Treatment with atenolol. Lower panel: Graphical representation. (C) PKA activity. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, as assessed using one-factor ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's test for selected pairs.